In the value chain, which of the following is a primary activity?

• A. Inbound logistics
• B. Procurement
• C. Firm infrastructure
• D. Technology development

Answer: (A)

Primary activities are the parts of the value chain that directly add value by turning inputs into a finished product and delivering it to customers. Inbound logistics fits this role because it covers receiving, storing, and moving inputs (like raw materials and components) into production, which is the first step in creating the product. This phase is directly linked to creating value, whereas the other options are support activities that enable the primary activities but do not themselves constitute the sequence that produces or delivers the product. Procurement handles obtaining resources, firm infrastructure covers organizational systems and management, and technology development involves R&D and process improvements. So inbound logistics is the primary activity in this list.